Understanding Brain Metastasis: From Molecular Mechanisms to Treatment Advances

Valeria La Rosa Sanchez^1* and Angela Anaid Rios Angulo²

Abstract

Brain cancer metastasis is one of the most common neurological complications associated with various types of cancer, particularly lung cancer, breast cancer, and melanoma. Approximately 20% of cancer patients develop brain metastasis. Current therapeutic strategies are limited and often lack effectiveness, with patient survival typically averaging less than 15 months. As a result, brain metastasis remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms behind brain metastasis is crucial for improving treatment outcomes. In this review, we provide an overview of the epidemiology, mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, prognostic factors, and treatment strategies associated with brain cancer.

Keywords

Brain Metastasis, Diagnostic Imaging, Treatment Strategies, Therapeutic Interventions

Corresponding Author

Valeria La Rosa Sanchez, Colegio Peruano Britanico, Surco, Lima, Perú.

Citation

Sanchez, V. L. R., & Angulo, A. A. R. (2026). Understanding Brain Metastasis: From Molecular Mechanisms to Treatment Advances. Med Pharmacol Open Access. 2(1), 01-09.